TEE Reference Values

Values

View Abbreviations
View References
View Diameters
View Abstracts & Articles
View Acknowledgments

Normal	Aortic Valve
Aortic Annulus Size 1.8-2.3 cm Mitral Annulus Size 3.0-3.5 cm Aortic VTI 18-25 cm Mitral VTI 10-13 cm	Normal Area 2.5-4.5 cm2 Mild Stenosis 1.0-2.5 cm2 Moderate Stenosis 0.75-1.0 cm2 Severe Stenosis < 0.75 cm2

Mitral Valve	Aortic Valve Mean Gradient
Normal Area 4.0-6.0 cm2 Mild Stenosis 1.5-2.5 cm2 Moderate Stenosis 1.5-1.5 cm2 Severe Stenosis < 1.0 cm2	Normal Gradient < 5 mmHg Mild Stenosis 5-25 mmHg Moderate Stenosis 25-50 mmHg Severe Stenosis >50 mmHg

Mitral Valve Mean Gradient	Aortic Valve Peak Gradient
Normal Gradient < 2 mmHg Mild Stenosis 2-6 mmHg Moderate Stenosis 6-12 mmHg Severe Stenosis >12 mmHg	Normal Gradient mmHg Mild Stenosis mmHg Moderate Stenosis mmHg Severe Stenosis mmHg

Aortic Regurgitation PHT	Pulmonary Hypertension (Peak Pressure)
Mild AR > 550 msec Moderate AR 300-550 msec Severe AR < 300 msec	Mild 30-40 mmHg Moderate 40-70 mmHg Severe > 70 mmHg (Mean PAP > 40 mmHg)

Aortic Regurgitation DT	dP/dt
Mild AR < 2.0 m/sec Moderate AR 2.0-3.5 m/sec Severe AR > 3.5 m/sec	Normal >1200 mmHg/s (< 27 msec) Boarderline 1000-1200 mmHg/s (27-32 msec) Abnormal < 1000 mmHg/s (> 32 msec)

AR Jet Diameter/LVOT Ratio	Index of Myocardial Performance
Mild AR < 25 - 45 % Moderate AR 45 - 65% Severe AR > 65%	Normal < 0.40 Mildly Depressed 0.40-0.60 Moderately Depressed 0.60-1.00 Severely Depressed > 1.00

Aortic Regurgitant Fraction
Normal to Trivial <20% Mild 20-30% Moderate 30-55% Severe > 55% (> 60 mls)

Aortic Regurgitation Vena Contracta
Mild AR < 0.3 cm Moderate AR 0.3 - 0.6 cm Severe AR > 0.6 cm

0.0602 seconds.